Centos7,Python3.7.6安装模块Crypto，pycryptodome，ibm_db，requests,requests_pkcs12

Python版本：python3.7.6 对应的各种模块

前言：把python项目放到linux上运行时，提示缺少各种模块，安装命令如下

1、提示：ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'Crypto'

1.1、报错信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "casbrun.py", line 12, in <module>
    import common
  File "./common/common.py", line 3, in <module>
    from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'Crypto'

#用到的
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5 as PKCS1_cipher

1.2、解决办法：

安装：pip install pycryptodome

或pip3 install pycryptodome

2、  提示：File "casbrun.py", line 13, in <module>

2.1、报错信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "casbrun.py", line 13, in <module>
    from aoeweb import AOEWeb

原因：引用其他文件夹的py时，需要先加载文件夹

2.2、解决办法：

import sys
sys.path.append('./server')   #server为文件夹，为服务py
sys.path.append('./common')   #common为文件夹，为工具py

import common
from aoeweb import AOEWeb

3、提示：ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'ibm_db'

pip3 install ibm-db==3.0.1

4、提示：ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'requests'

4.1、报错信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "casbrun.py", line 13, in <module>
    from aoeweb import AOEWeb
  File "./server/aoeweb.py", line 6, in <module>
    import requests
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'requests'

4.2、解决办法：

pip3 install requests

5、ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pandas'

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "DB2OPE.py", line 2, in <module>
    import pandas as pd
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'pandas'

5.2、解决办法：

$pip3 install pandas==0.23.4

6、ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'requests_pkcs12'

6.1、报错信息：

  File "casbrun.py", line 13, in <module>
    from aoeweb import AOEWeb
  File "./server/aoeweb.py", line 8, in <module>
    from getfile import Getfile
  File "./common/getfile.py", line 8, in <module>
    import requests_pkcs12
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'requests_pkcs12'

6.2、解决办法：

pip3 install requests_pkcs12

7、request用到的openssl版本和系统的openssl版本不一致

7.1、报错信息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "casbrun.py", line 13, in <module>
    from aoeweb import AOEWeb
  File "./server/aoeweb.py", line 6, in <module>
    import requests
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/__init__.py", line 43, in <module>
    import urllib3
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/__init__.py", line 42, in <module>
    "urllib3 v2.0 only supports OpenSSL 1.1.1+, currently "
ImportError: urllib3 v2.0 only supports OpenSSL 1.1.1+, currently the 'ssl' module is compiled with 'OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017'. See: https://github.com/urllib3/urllib3/issues/2168

原因：提示requests用到的openssl版本是openssl1.1.1 ，和当前系统的openssl版本不一致

7.2、解决办法(1、升级openssl 2、编译python，使用最新的openssl)

1、先查看openssl版本：openssl version -a

2、centos7升级openssl到openssl1.1.1

参考：Centos7升级openssl到openssl1.1.1

Centos7升级openssl到openssl1.1.1-程序员宅基地

#删除软链接和重新建立软链接

rm /usr/bin/openssl
ln -s /usr/local/openssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl

echo "/usr/local/openssl/lib/" >> /etc/ld.so.conf
ldconfig -v

3、升级python3的openssl

如果你使用的是源代码包，可以通过在运行./configure命令时传递–with-openssl参数，并指定新版本的OpenSSL库所在的路径来配置Python的编译选项。

$cd cd Python-3.7.6

#编译

$./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl

看到：checking for openssl/ssl.h in /usr/local/openssl... yes
           checking whether compiling and linking against OpenSSL works... yes

$make clean

$make & make install

#备注，如果有问题就make之后再make install

#加入python3的软链接

rm /usr/bin/python3

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

其中pip3不可用时解决

[root@loaclhost bin]# pip3
-bash: /usr/local/bin/pip3: No such file or directory
[root@loaclhost bin]# cp /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip3

参考:https://codeleading.com/article/19232024257/

参考:https://blog.csdn.net/inthat/article/details/131365519

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_63133658/article/details/134380096

4、检查 Python 的 ssl 模块版本：

python3 -c "import ssl; print(ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION)"

8、linux查看python的site-packages路径

有时候我们在liunx上想修改查看python的包路径可以试试以下命令

from distutils.sysconfig import get_python_lib

print(get_python_lib())